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Gun Control - 1724 Words

English 1302 5th march 2013 Sides of Crime Control Gun control laws have been surrounded by controversy since The Bill of Rights, including the Second amendment was passed in the congress. A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, the founders wrote. Until recently there was considerable argument over just what the founders intended by their words. Did they mean to provide only for armed units to protect us from invasion, or did they mean that each individual has a right to a gun? However, in the District of Columbia v. Heller case, the Supreme Court made a landmark ruling upholding the right of individuals to bear arms for hunting†¦show more content†¦Answering these questions will help me to map the issue. The key audience for this issue is the government and the citizens of the United States. There are two major parties in the political realm that are lobbying either for or against gun control. These two are the Democra ts and the Republicans, the two dominating parties in the country today. The Republicans have long been supporters of the pro gun movement, largely due to both their conservative nature as well as an increased backing over the years by the National Rifle Association, a powerful force in the pro gun movement Democrats are known to be largely for gun control. This is an important issue to everyone involved in the issue, and extremely important to society as a whole. Guns play a role in everyone’s lives to some degree, whether it is for ones own personal possession of a hunting rifle or a pistol in the hands of a youth in your neighborhood. The second amendment gives every citizen the right to gun ownership. Citizens must decide if gun control laws benefit them or they take their right away. Hence, if I want to propose changes to gun control laws, my audience will be republican, democrats and the society as a whole. I think most lawmakers and public will oppose this issue as they might view as their rights violated. While the recent mass shooting incidents across the country has called for stricter gun control laws on one side, on the other side more people want to own guns to defend themselvesShow MoreRelatedGun Control766 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Paper Gun Control has been an issue that has been brought to the public’s eyes in recent years. This main issue has been going on for many years, for example when John F. Kennedy was assassinated; it raised public awareness to the lack of control on sales and also possession of guns in America. Until 1968 guns were available over the counter in stores and through mail catalogs to just about any adult in America. This was an example of how loosely guns were regulated which bring usRead MoreGun Violence And Gun Control1007 Words   |  5 Pagesshootings and various other methods of gun violence, tens of thousands of people die every year. These gun-related deaths primarily originate from murder and children accidentally shooting themselves. Although those in favor of gun control tend to believe that guns should be terminated completely, the second amendment prevents lawmakers from being able to do so. Therefore, in order to combat these causes, alternative gun control solutions mu st be made for each one. Gun-related murders can be decreasedRead MoreThe Gun Laws And Gun Control965 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginate from the accessibility of guns, but rather the actions of an individual that has disregard for life in today s society. There will always be ways for the offender commit crimes with or without guns. What is being done about gun control? We have all heard of all the tragedies throughout the country regarding guns. According to the President (2013) We know that we cannot stop every act of violence with guns, but what if we tried to stop even one? Weapon controls in the U.S. is structured atRead MoreGun Control For Gun Violence880 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2015, 13,367 people lost their lives due to gun violence according to Gun Violence Archive. The Archive also states that out of that number, 693 were children from ages 0-11. We can all agree that there is indeed a problem that we have to address. The solution to that problem, however, has been debated by many. I believe the solution to this problem exists in three parts: Mandatory training and licensing along with more heavily secure gun storage, stricter regulations on the purchasing of a firearm—disabilitiesRead MoreGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns areRead MoreGuns And Gun Control855 Words   |  4 PagesThe rise in cases of gun violence and related incidences of assault has drawn the public to the issue of guns and gun control. Such has been evident within the spheres of politics especially with the last election period seeing the incumbent president Donald Trump suggesting on stringent gun control laws. However, despite the acknowledgment of the need to have better gun laws, much ground and consensus has never reached. Such, to an extent, contributed to the current lack of political goodwill withinRead MoreThe I ssue Of Gun Control Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control Gun Control. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 30 Apr. 2016. In this website, it discusses the debatable topic of gun control. In the article titled Gun Control, it states that the â€Å"The United States is the leader in per-capita gun deaths among industrial nations.† The main point of this article was to get the point across about the controversy that this has brought into the United States, not only does it quote influentialRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesGuns have become a serious issue in today’s society. There have been incalculable incidents that involved a gun causing physical harm to a person. This can occur when guns are not properly stored in a safe location. House Bill 75 has been proposed to help solve this problem. With this bill set in place, if a minor has the ability to access a firearm unauthorized, the person responsible for that firearm will receive criminal penalties. As a matter of a fact, there have been cases reported aboutRead More Gun Control Essay1065 Words   |à ‚  5 Pages Gun Control Throughout America there is the constant debate concerning the second amendment or the right to bare arms. One day an innocent kid walking home from school gets shot in a drive by shooting is he just a victim of circumstance or could this of been easily prevented. There are lobbyist for the private ownership of guns and lobbyist for legislation to ban personal possession of guns for good. In this paper I hope that just maybe I can persuade you to think differently on a topic that’sRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1342 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual liberties granted by the founding fathers. Countless U.S. news stations and support groups portray the mass shootings, gun violence, other gun propaganda, or naturally the use guns, as a scapegoat to support gun control. Guns do not harm people--people hurt people (And I have no doubt that this has been aforementioned extensively) however; the implementation of gun control in the U.S. will diminish the 2nd Amendment--the right to bare arms--as well as prevent the citizens the right to protect

Acid Rain (6748 words) Essay Example For Students

Acid Rain (6748 words) Essay Acid RainWhat is acid rain? Acid rain is the term for pollution causedwhen sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmosphericmoisture. The term acid rain is slightly misleading, and wouldbe more accurate if deemed enhanced acid rain, as rain occursacidic naturally. Acidity is measured on what is know as the pHscale. Fourteen is the most basic, seven is the most neutral, andzero is the most acidic. Pure rain has a pH level of 7, which isexactly neutral. The acidity of rain is determined by the pH ofpure water in reaction with atmospheric concentrations ofcarbon dioxide, resulting in carbonic acid. These particlespartly dissociate to produce hydrogen ions and bicarbonateions. A bicarbonate atom is an ion formed by one hydrogenatom, one carbon at atom, and three oxygen atoms, and is veryeffective in natural waters at neutralizing hydrogen ions andreducing acidity. The dissociation results in the natural acidityof pure rain, which is moderately acidic at a pH of 5.7. Rainless than 5.7 is considered acid rain, meaning it has reactedwith acidic atmospheric gases other than carbon dioxide, suchas sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. Sulfur dioxide isproduced by electric utilities, industrial, commercial andresidential heating, smelters, diesel engines and marine and railtransport, which creates sulfuric acid in rain. Nitrogen dioxidewill also react with the rain, caused largely by transportation(cars, trucks, planes, etc.) and electric utilities, producingnitric acid. There is a certain degree of naturally occurringacidity in rain water. This acid is from reaction with alkalinechemicals, found in soils, lakes and stream, and can occasionallyoccur when a volcano erupts as well. Bacterial action in soilsand degasing from oceanic plankton also contribute to theacidity found in rain. More than 90% of the sulfur and 95% ofthe nitrogen emissions which occur in North America are due tothe pollution created by humans.1 How Is Acid Rain Formed?Acid rain consists mainly of a cids formed in the atmosphere. Itconsists of the oxides of sulfur, SO2 and SO3, and of nitrogenNO and NO2. Let us examine the major contributor to acidrain, sulfur oxides. Natural sources which emit sulfur dioxideinclude volcanoes, sea spray, plankton and rotting vegetation. Despite these natural occurrences, the burning of fossil fuels(such as coal and oil) can be largely blamed for the emissions. The chemical reactions begin as energy from sunlight, in theform of photons, hit ozone molecules (O3) to form free oxygen(O2), as well as single reactive oxygen atoms (O). The oxygenatoms react with water molecules (H2O), producing electricallycharged, negative hydroxyl radicals (HO). These hydroxylradicals are responsible for oxidizing sulfur dioxide andnitrogen dioxide, which produces sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Some particles will settle to the ground (in the form of aciddeposition) or vegetation can absorb some of the SO2 gasdirectly from the atmosphere. When sulfur dioxide comes incontact with the atmosphere, it oxidizes and forms a sulfateion. It becomes sulfuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms inthe air and falls down to earth. Oxidation occurs most in clouds,especially in heavily polluted air, where other compounds suchas ammonia and ozone help to catalyze the reaction, increasingthe amount of sulfur dioxide changing to sulfuric acid. Not allof the sulfur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid, and it is notuncommon for a substantial amount to float up into theatmosphere, move to another area, and return to earth as sulfurdioxide, unconverted. S (in fossil fuels) + O2 =* SO2 2 SO2 +O2 =* 2 SO3 Much of the sulfur dioxide is converted to sulfurtrioxide in the atmosphere SO3 + H2O =* H2SO4 The sulfurtrioxide can then dissolve within water to form sulfuric acidNitric oxide and nitric d ioxide are mainly from power plantsand exhaust fumes. Similar to sulfur dioxide, reactions areheavily catalyzed in heavily polluted clouds where iron,manganese, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide are present. Also,the formation of nitric acid can trigger further reactions whichrelease new hydroxyl radicals to generate more sulfuric acid. The following is a typical reaction, which is direct combinationof nitrogen and oxygen at the high temperature inside a carengine. N2 + O2 + heat =* 2NO 2NO + O2 =* 2NO2 Thisnitrogen monoxide immediately reacts with oxygen and formsnitrogen dioxide in the following reaction 3NO2 + H2O =*2HNO3 (aq) + NO The nitrogen will then dissolve in water inthe atmosphere and produce nitric acid There are several otherpotential contributors to acid rain. These include oxidation byproducts of alkene-ozone reactions, oxidation by reactions ofNxOy species and oxidation by peroxy radicals. Each of thesereactions, however prove to be minor contributors and arerather insignificant. How Is Acid Rain Harmful? EnvironmentalHazards Aquatic Ecosystems Acid rain has an effect onvirtually all ecosystems it touches. Perhaps the most prominent,and equally as troubling is the harmful results it produces whenin contact with lakes, streams and ponds. Scientists studyingthe effects of acid rain went to a lake about 135 km away fromthe Ontario- Manitoba border called Lake 223. This lake, sofar north acid rain did not reach it, was extremely healthy, andwas a perfect setting to explore the effects of acid rain onaquatic ecosystems. In 1974, scientists began to add sulfuricacid into the lake. The acid was added very slowly, and it wasfour years later when they saw a major change. The freshwatershrimp began to die out. Fathead minnows stopped reproducingand began to vanish. As the scientists continued adding acid toLake 223 in low amounts, large algae mats began to form andcrayfish became unhealthy and died. Seven years after thebeginning of the experiment, the lake trout stoppedreproducing, and most of the fish species, leeches, crawfish andmayflies began to die. In 1984, the scientists stopped addingthe acid. Without the addition of deadly sulfuric acid, the lakeslowly began to recover. Some of the fish species began torecover, however some of the scientists estimated it would takeone hundred y ears for the lake to fully recover, even withoutthe addition of any more acid. Fish can still live in a lake with alow acid level, however they will get sick and not grow toproper proportions. Often the fish will not reproduce, andeventually, as the acid level increases, all the fish will die. Theacid will also leach metals from the bottom of the lake. Thereare metals contained within the mud and rocks of the lakebottom, however they remain not dangerous as long as they arenot released. The acid will draw out these harmful metals anddissolve them in the water, resulting in the deterioration anddisappearance of a species. One of these damaging metals isaluminum, which will coat and burn the gills of the fish as itintakes the polluted water. Some fish found in acidic lakescontain higher levels of mercury in their bodies, which isharmful to humans, resulting in the government telling society tolimit the amount of fish they eat from certain lakes and rivers. If the numbers of one species or group of species changes inresponse to acidification, the ecosystem of the entire body ofwater is likely to be affected through the predator-preyrelationships. Let us examine how acid rain is dangerous to fish. A freshwater fishs respiration consists of a trade ofhydrogen ions (H+) in their blood for sodium ions (Na+) fromthe water around them. If the concentration of hydrogen ions inthe water is increased, which is essentially what happens whenpH falls, there are (proportionally) fewer sodium ions. Fish areforced to absorb more hydrogen while finding it harder toobtain sodium. The acidity of their blood increases, while thesalt content drops. An experiment involving brown trout showedthat at a pH of 5.2 or lower, this process was fatal to thisspecies, and is likely deadly to many other trout species. Thefollowing chart shows the steps typical to freshwater fish asthe acidity increases. (Fig 1-1) ACIDITY LEVEL (pH)EFFECTS ON AQUATIC LIFE 7 Neutral, H+ and H- are inbalance 6.8 Shells of clams and snails become thinner, due tolack of hazardous calcium ions in the water 6.6 The viability ofeggs of the fathead minnow is reduced, rain can have and fewereggs hatch 6.5 Lake trout begin to have dif ficulty reproducing,clams and snails become scarcer, green algae growth increases 6Several clam and snail species disappear, several trout speciespopulations decrease, the smooth newt is gone, smallmouth bass,walleyes and spotted salamanders have difficulty reproducing,several mayfly species cease to lay eggs 5.8 Copepods (acritical link of crustaceans in the marine food chain) are gone,crayfish have trouble regrowing exoskeleton after molting 5.7Several algae species decrease, while filamentous green algaeincreases, plankton decreases 5.5 Rainbow trout, fatheadminnows and smallmouth bass lose considerable population,walleyes, brook trout, roach, lake trout and shiners dontreproduce, leeches and mayfly larvae vanish. 5.4 Crayfishreproductivity is impaired. 5 Snail and clams are extinct. Allbut one species of crayfish are extinct, brook trout, walleyesand most bullfrogs are gone, most fish species experiencereproduction difficulties, zooplankton population begins todrop, green and gr een-blue algae mats have largely spread 4.8Leopard frog numbers decline 4.5 Mayflies and stonefliesvanish, a slowing in growth rate and oxygen uptake of bacteriais notable 4.2 The common toad disappears 4 The oxygen outputof Lobelia plants declines 75% 3.5 Virtually all clams, snails,frogs, fish and crayfish vanish 2.5 Only a few species ofacid-tolerant midges, bacteria and fungi are alive 2 Inpractical terms, the lake is sterile Two hundred and twentylakes in Ontario have been found acidified, meaning their pH isless that 5.1 year round.2 Terrestrial Plant Life It is muchmore difficult to solve the mystery of forest destructioncompared to that of a lake. This is partially because trees liveso much longer than fish do, and acid rain damage in trees maynot show up for thirty or forty years. It is also very difficultto replicate forest conditions in a laboratory, such as insects,cold winters, pollution, elevation and abrupt changes in rainfall. Each of these conditions put stress on the trees and can beconsidered variables. Many scientists are convinced thatbecause of the complexity of a forest ecosystem, it is nearlyimpossible to prove the death of forests is due to pollution inthe form of acid rain, but deduce from many experiments it is amain factor in forest destruction. Deciduous trees are like airfilters, and screen particles that pass through the air aroundthem. These particles collect on the leaves of the tree, andstudies have shown that when these particles contain acid theycan cause damage to the leaves. The leaves are the part of thetree that help make food, hence any damage to the leaves willresult in harm to the health of the entire tree. Coniferous treesare vulnerable to the harmful effects of acid rain as well. Thetrees needles are designed to nourish the tree after they fallto the ground. Each needle houses whole colonies of microscopicbacteria and algae that help the tree change nitrogen into foodat the roo ts. Acid rain will often burn away this material,thereby reducing adequate food supply, and weakening thetrees health. After the damage has been done to leaves andneedles, acid rain harms the trees even more through the soil. Soil has a level of acid. Acid in the soil can do damage to thetrees by releasing aluminum, which, once in contact with acid,becomes highly poisonous to forests. The aluminum will enterthe trees hairlike roots, choking them, and when these becomeclogged, the upper branches are no longer nourished. Eventhough there may be plenty of moisture in the soil, the tree candie of thirst. Scientists have discovered that the aluminumcontent in soil has tripled since the 1960s.3 Acid rain also killsimportant organisms on the forest floor. The process ofdecomposition is interrupted as the acid kills many of thebacteria and fungi that live on the forest floor. At a pH levelof 4.0, the earthworm dies, further damaging the decompositionprocess. Without earthworms and bacteria to decompose thedebris consisting of animal and bird droppings, twigs and deadleaves, the materials continue to build on the forest floor. When debris builds up, seedlings from the trees are not able tosurvive, because they can not work their way down to the soilto root. This causes the forest to slowly disappear, as oldertrees die, and the forest will not be able to rejuvenate itself. Acid rain is hardest on trees high up in mountains, because it isoften covered in mist or fog, literally bathing the trees in anacidic atmosphere. Trees also suffer because of changes in thesoil. Acid rains leach metals (draw metals out of mud and rocks)in the soil, and the trees in turn intake these harmful metalsthrough their roots. Figure 1-2 shows the damage that acid raincan to do a forest Human Health It is known that the earthcontains many metals that are potentially dangerous to humans,such as lead, mercury, and aluminum. Most of the time thesemetals are harmless because they are in the soil, bonded toother elements. The problem occurs when acid detaches thesemetals from the rocks and soils, and can be carried deep intothe ground and make their way to underground streams. Thesestreams eventually connect to our water sources. Medicalresearchers have found these metals can be dangerous, and onrare occasion, is even fatal. Aluminum has been found to killpeople who have kidney pr oblems, and can also collect in braintissue. Some scientists even suspect that aluminum deposits onthe brain cause Alzheimers disease. (A disease that results inmemory loss, nervous system problems, and death. Acid rain isknown to irritate the whole respiratory system, beginning withmucous membranes in the nose and throat, all the way to tissuein the lungs. Consequently, acid rain has an increased effect onpeople with respiratory problems. The U.S. Council onEnvironmental Quality estimates health-related problems dueto acid precipitation cost the United States $2 billion peryear.4 In August 1987, over one hundred people were treatedfor eye, throat, and mouth irritation when 1.8 metric tonnes ofhighly toxic sulfur dioxide gas leaked from an Inco plant nearSudbury, Ontario. Even Fig 1-2 This picture shows how aconiferous forest has been virtually destroyed. Acid rain isblamed for the destruction of terrestrial ecosystems aroundthe world. without accidents, the sulfur dioxide regularly emitted from Inco smokestacks has been linked to chronicbronchitis in Inco employees.5 Drinking Water Acid raindamages drinking water in various ways. Thus far, amounts ofmetals in drinking water have been minimal, however the factthat metals even leak into the water is troubling to scientists. Pablo Picasso Persuasive EssayA freshwater fishs respiration consists of a trade ofhydrogen ions (H+) in their blood for sodium ions (Na+) fromthe water around them. If the concentration of hydrogen ions inthe water is increased, which is essentially what happens whenpH falls, there are (proportionally) fewer sodium ions. Fish areforced to absorb more hydrogen while finding it harder toobtain sodium. The acidity of their blood increases, while thesalt content drops. An experiment involving brown trout showedthat at a pH of 5.2 or lower, this process was fatal to thisspecies, and is likely deadly to many other trout species. Thefollowing chart shows the steps typical to freshwater fish asthe acidity increases. (Fig 1-1) ACIDITY LEVEL (pH)EFFECTS ON AQUATIC LIFE 7 Neutral, H+ and H- are inbalance 6.8 Shells of clams and snails become thinner, due tolack of hazardous calcium ions in the water 6.6 The viability ofeggs of the fathead minnow is reduced, rain can have and fewereggs hatch 6.5 Lake trout begin to have difficulty reproducing,clams and snails become scarcer, green algae growth increases 6Several clam and snail species disappear, several trout speciespopulations decrease, the smooth newt is gone, smallmouth bass,walleyes and spotted salamanders have difficulty reproducing,several mayfly species cease to lay eggs 5.8 Copepods (acritical link of crustaceans in the marine food chain) are gone,crayfish have trouble regrowing exoskeleton after molting 5.7Several algae species decrease, while filamentous green algaeincreases, plankton decreases 5.5 Rainbow trout, fatheadminnows and smallmouth bass lose considerable population,walleyes, brook trout, roach, lake trout and shiners dontreproduce, leeches and mayfly larvae vanish. 5.4 Crayfishreproductivity is impaired. 5 Snail and clams are extinct. Allbut one species of crayfish are extinct, brook trout, walleyesand most bullfrogs are gone, most fish species experiencereproduction difficulties, zooplankton popula tion begins todrop, green and green-blue algae mats have largely spread 4.8Leopard frog numbers decline 4.5 Mayflies and stonefliesvanish, a slowing in growth rate and oxygen uptake of bacteriais notable 4.2 The common toad disappears 4 The oxygen outputof Lobelia plants declines 75% 3.5 Virtually all clams, snails,frogs, fish and crayfish vanish 2.5 Only a few species ofacid-tolerant midges, bacteria and fungi are alive 2 Inpractical terms, the lake is sterile Two hundred and twentylakes in Ontario have been found acidified, meaning their pH isless that 5.1 year round.2 Terrestrial Plant Life It is muchmore difficult to solve the mystery of forest destructioncompared to that of a lake. This is partially because trees liveso much longer than fish do, and acid rain damage in trees maynot show up for thirty or forty years. It is also very difficultto replicate forest conditions in a laboratory, such as insects,cold winters, pollution, elevation and abrupt changes in rainfall. Each of these conditions put stress on the trees and can beconsidered variables. Many scientists are convinced thatbecause of the complexity of a forest ecosystem, it is nearlyimpossible to prove the death of forests is due to pollution inthe form of acid rain, but deduce from many experiments it is amain factor in forest destruction. Deciduous trees are like airfilters, and screen particles that pass through the air aroundthem. These particles collect on the leaves of the tree, andstudies have shown that when these particles contain acid theycan cause damage to the leaves. The leaves are the part of thetree that help make food, hence any damage to the leaves willresult in harm to the health of the entire tree. Coniferous treesare vulnerable to the harmful effects of acid rain as well. Thetrees needles are designed to nourish the tree after they fallto the ground. Each needle houses whole colonies of microscopicbacteria and algae that help the tree change nitrogen into foodat the roo ts. Acid rain will often burn away this material,thereby reducing adequate food supply, and weakening thetrees health. After the damage has been done to leaves andneedles, acid rain harms the trees even more through the soil. Soil has a level of acid. Acid in the soil can do damage to thetrees by releasing aluminum, which, once in contact with acid,becomes highly poisonous to forests. The aluminum will enterthe trees hairlike roots, choking them, and when these becomeclogged, the upper branches are no longer nourished. Eventhough there may be plenty of moisture in the soil, the tree candie of thirst. Scientists have discovered that the aluminumcontent in soil has tripled since the 1960s.3 Acid rain also killsimportant organisms on the forest floor. The process ofdecomposition is interrupted as the acid kills many of thebacteria and fungi that live on the forest floor. At a pH levelof 4.0, the earthworm dies, further damaging the decompositionprocess. Without earthworms and bacteria to decompose thedebris consisting of animal and bird droppings, twigs and deadleaves, the materials continue to build on the forest floor. When debris builds up, seedlings from the trees are not able tosurvive, because they can not work their way down to the soilto root. This causes the forest to slowly disappear, as oldertrees die, and the forest will not be able to rejuvenate itself. Acid rain is hardest on trees high up in mountains, because it isoften covered in mist or fog, literally bathing the trees in anacidic atmosphere. Trees also suffer because of changes in thesoil. Acid rains leach metals (draw metals out of mud and rocks)in the soil, and the trees in turn intake these harmful metalsthrough their roots. Figure 1-2 shows the damage that acid raincan to do a forest Human Health It is known that the earthcontains many metals that are potentially dangerous to humans,such as lead, mercury, and aluminum. Most of the time thesemetals are harmless because they are in the soil, bonded toother elements. The problem occurs when acid detaches thesemetals from the rocks and soils, and can be carried deep intothe ground and make their way to underground streams. Thesestreams eventually connect to our water sources. Medicalresearchers have found these metals can be dangerous, and onrare occasion, is even fatal. Aluminum has been found to killpeople who have kidney pr oblems, and can also collect in braintissue. Some scientists even suspect that aluminum deposits onthe brain cause Alzheimers disease. (A disease that results inmemory loss, nervous system problems, and death. Acid rain isknown to irritate the whole respiratory system, beginning withmucous membranes in the nose and throat, all the way to tissuein the lungs. Consequently, acid rain has an increased effect onpeople with respiratory problems. The U.S. Council onEnvironmental Quality estimates health-related problems dueto acid precipitation cost the United States $2 billion peryear.4 In August 1987, over one hundred people were treatedfor eye, throat, and mouth irritation when 1.8 metric tonnes ofhighly toxic sulfur dioxide gas leaked from an Inco plant nearSudbury, Ontario. Even Fig 1-2 This picture shows how aconiferous forest has been virtually destroyed. Acid rain isblamed for the destruction of terrestrial ecosystems aroundthe world. without accidents, the sulfur dioxide regularly emitted from Inco smokestacks has been linked to chronicbronchitis in Inco employees.5 Drinking Water Acid raindamages drinking water in various ways. Thus far, amounts ofmetals in drinking water have been minimal, however the factthat metals even leak into the water is troubling to scientists. Since metals remain in the body once ingested, over time, smallamounts accumulate into large quantities, and it has yet to beconcluded how large an amount will prove to be harmful tohumans. Acid rain causes damage by loosening metals off metalwater pipes. Modern plumbing uses plastic tubing, but oldersystems have copper pipes. The copper pipes are held togetherby a mixture of tin and lead. Lead is known to be extremelydangerous to humans, even in small amounts, and will causedamage to the brain and nervous system. A study that was donein Ontario found that water sitting in plumbing pipes for tendays contained hazardous levels of copper and lead. Thisdiscovery could be a widespread danger, since often people willgo on vacation and not shut off the plumbing, allowing water tosit and absorb these dangerous metals. Acid rain can alsodissolve the reinforcements that occur around large waterpipes. In some parts of the United States, asbestos is used toreinforce the cement bases that hold w ater pipes. Asbestos isnot dangerous when bound to the cement, but is highlydangerous when separated, and has been linked to cancer andother serious diseases. Many health officials worry that looseasbestos will find its way to the citys water when acid raincomes in contact with the cement. Effects On Man MadeStructures Scientists are becoming increasingly concerned withacid rains destruction of the built environment. There areobjects in our built environment that are irreplaceable. Historic landmarks and statues, old cathedrals and temples,paintings and sculpture all are part of the built environmentand are slowly being damaged. Some of these objects arepractical, making life easier, safer or more comfortable. Manyfactors determine how much damage acid rain will do, includingthe amount of rain, the location, and direction of wind. Allinfluence the amount of corrosion done. Areas that have a largeamount fog or humidity tend to suffer more than dry areas,which is why many steel bridges located over water get rustedand corroded by acid. When metal is decayed, it cannot takethe same amount of stress of weight as when it was originallycreated. Acid rain has been blamed in several collapses ofbridges around the world. Acid rain corrodes the steel trackused on railroads, thus the tracks must be constantly checked. Metal in air planes can also be eaten away by acid rain. TheUnited States Air Force spends more that $1 billion every yearto repair or replace damaged parts.6 A study done in Swedenshowed that metal rusts four times faster in areas that receivea lot of acid rain. This figure is staggering, and yet, metal isnot the only material damaged by acid rain. Houses andbuildings made of brick and stone are affected as well. Acidrain can dissolve the mortar, which is used in cement to holdbricks together. When the mortar is worn away, the brickscrumble more easily, because they shift and cannot stay intactagainst the heavy weight of the bricks pressuring from above. The corrosive effects of acid rain are particularly obvious onlimestone, because it is composed of calcium carbonate, which ishighly reactive with acid rain. Tombstones made of marble(which is metamorphosed or heated limestone) have been badlydamaged, while older tombstones made of slate remain intact. Famous buildings such as the Taj Mahal, The United StatesCapitol building and the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, are allbeing continually damaged by acid rain. Statues made of bronzeand copper are particularly susceptible to corrosion. Thesestatues turn green naturally, and this covering, called a patina,acts as a protective shield against the elements. Acid rain eatsaway at the patina, and where the acid dissolves the greencovering, it leaves a streaky black coat. This process ruinsstatues throughout the world. How Does Acid Rain Affect theEconomy? Canada/American Relations Canada is particularlysusceptible to the effects of acid rain. Its geographicallocation places it directly in the path of a large amount of U.S. emission, and the granite bedrock of the Canadian Shield has apoor buffering quality. (A buffer is a material that canchemically weaken acid soil and is less harmful to theenvironment, such as lime or baking soda.) The lack of such aquality renders Eastern Canada highly vulnerable to damage dueto United States pollution. Canada suffers more from acid rainthan the United States does, even though much of the pollutionoriginates in the United States. Acid rain costs Canadianshundreds of millions of dollars every year. To try and decreasethe large amounts of money the pollution is costing tax payers,Canada has passed laws to force its electrical companies to cutdown on harmful emissions. However, no matter what laws arepassed in Canada, it is not possible to stop U.S. power plantsfrom sending acid in its direction. Figure 1-3 displays amountsof emissions created by the United States and Canada. TheGavin power plant is an excellent example of how the UnitedStates sends tonnes of acid to C anada every year. Every hour,this power plant burns 600 tonnes of coal. The higher thesmokestack, the further the dangerous gases will travel, and theGavin smokestack is 1 103 feet tall.7 Obviously, The Gavin cannot be solely blamed for the pollution, but it is power plantssuch as these that have caused trouble between the twocountries. It is estimated that about 50% of the sulfatedeposited in Canada derived from American sources.8 Sixty ofthe largest plants and thus largest polluters are located in theOhio Valley, a short distance away from vulnerable Canadianland. In 1980, Canada and the United States signed aMemorandum of Intent, an agreement that both countries wouldmake acid rain control a priority. They both promised to focuson developing ideas to cut down the amount of sulfur dioxideand nitrogen oxide emissions being pumped into the air. In thepast, Canada has presented devastatingly large figures to theUnited States, in an attempt to have them change laws andregulations rega rding pollution. Unfortunately, the attemptsthus far have been unsuccessful, as the US government requestsmore testing and studies instead of altering laws. In the recentpast, the negotiations between Canada and United Statesrepresentatives have been hardly reminiscent of efforts putforth by Canadian officials. Many U.S. politicians still qualifyacid rain as a minor problem, and it is treated as such,according to Raymond Robinson, chairman of the CanadianEnvironmental Ass

Mystery And The Study Of The Unknown Has Always Fascinated Essays

Mystery and the study of the unknown has always fascinated people. The search for truth in the "uncomprehensible" has led to many controversies. Some believe in the "supernatural", while others simply do not. Both types of people obviously have their own reasonings for believing or disbelieving in it. There are numerous world famous mysteries that are still controversial and remain"unsolved" to this day. Some of these mysteries include the Loch Ness Monster, the Abominable Snowman, and the Bermuda Triangle. The Loch Ness Monster is a legendary animal that supposedly resides in the depths of Loch Ness, a long narrow lake situated in rural Scotland. Stories concerning the monster date back to the 6th century A.D. The region was in complete isolation until a road was built alongside the lake in 1933. Then large numbers of people travelled through the region for the very first time. Over the years thousands have reported seeing something in the lake. Most reports depict a long neck surging from the water with a small head of a unknown creature. Pictures have even been taken of this "creature", but most scientists however, refuse to believe any creature of this kind lives in the Loch Ness. They claim that most reported cases are simply products of overactive imaginations, and as for the pictures, scientists say they are not lucid enough to distinguish items clearly, and some pictures are dubbed as "fake". A large number of non- scientists believe however, that the Loch Ness is the site of a breeding colony of large unknown aquatic animals, due to the fact that Loch Ness was once an arm of the sea. Yearly summer investigations have been conducted since 1963 in attempt to unravel the mystery. Investigators have obtained films and sonar readings that indicate that there just might be some unknown animal in the depths of the Loch Ness. Evidence however, is inconclusive, and the controversy continues. Along with the Loch Ness monster, the abominable snowman shares fame as one the great mysteries of the world. The abominable snowman is a legendary creature of the Himalaya mountain region. It is reported to live in forested regions near the snow line. This creature is also known to some by the name Yeti. The abominable snowman is said to walk upright and have the appearance of half-man, half-ape. Many of the descriptions given to this creature are based upon the findings of large, unidentified foot prints in the snow, found in the Himalayas. In order to ascertain the truth behind the abominable snowman legends, countless expeditions have been undertaken, and most turned up empty. Today most experts hold the view that the "abominable snowman" is simply a "fairy tale" and don't take the matter seriously. The foot prints used to support the legends, are thought by scientists, to be prints of a bear or markings left my drifting snow and falling rocks. The legend of the abominable snowman has been kept alive 'till this day, mostly by the Sherpa, a tribe of people living in the Himalayas. These people have always kept the belief that the abominable snowman is a true fact of life. To them he is seen as a religious figure, to be feared as well as protected. Without any concise evidence however, no one can prove this legendary animal from the mountains exists, so the mystery continues to baffle. Like the Loch Ness monster and the abominable snowman, the Bermuda triangle presents another intriguing wonder to the world. The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil's triangle, is a triangular area of the Atlantic Ocean (305,000 km2) where the disappearances of ships, airplanes, and boats has led to the belief that "supernatural" forces inhabit this area of the sea. More than 200 planes, ships, and boats are believed to have disappeared in this triangle without a trace. This includes over 1,000 seamen and airmen. In most of these disappearances, it is the fact that no distress signal was ever received from the disappearing ships and/or planes that heightens the mystery of what happened to them. Although violent storms and downward air currents frequently occur in the area, scientists have not revealed anything extremely peculiar. Boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle are formed by drawing an imaginary line from Melbourne, Florida, to Bermuda, to Puerto Rico, and back to Florida. Could there truly be an unnatural force at work in this geographical triangle or are these disappearances merely coincidence? Either way, numerous people remain unwilling to step over the boundary line into the Devil's Triangle. As we have just discussed the mystery of the Loch Ness monster, the conundrum of the

buy custom Curriculum Domain essay

buy custom Curriculum Domain essay The domain of curriculum calls for the maintenance of professionalism and the establishment of accountability standards that ensures that the graduate acquires the appropriate behaviors and skills for a fruitful practice in the real world of curriculum work, which is significant to the success of the schools in the implementation plan. Numerous department and colleges dealing with educators has the responsibility of providing the necessary leadership and help schools in improvement initiatives by the establishment of criteria for the emerging specialists in curriculum. Knowledge bases are integral factors of disciplines. They assist in the development of frameworks that would identify the main components responsible for characterization of disciplines, which help the scholars and practitioners in accessing the basic knowledge in a certain discipline. There has been existence of significant transitions as efforts for identification of the knowledge base that could be operational. The knowledge bases that relevant to curriculum studies could be conceptualized as classical research domains; topical categories, and paradigms of education for the teacher. Knowledge bases encompass varied way for identification that are necessary for professional educators that are essential for practice. This knowledge base could be developed from numerous source documents including textbooks, which summarizes the main principles and the available concepts from theories, researches, and practices. The knowledge bases are responsible for the provision of theoretical frameworks, which comprises of the fundamental knowledge, and current researches. Philosophical Perspective of Curriculum There are four cardinal philosophical perspectives employed in the enhancement of educational curriculum. Each of these educational philosophies has a close relationship with either one or many of the existing world philosophies. These educational, philosophical systems are presently utilized in every classroom in, the entire world. The existing philosophical perspective in education includes; Progressivism, Perennialism, Reconstructionism, Essentialism. All these philosophies greatly emphasizes on the content that should be taught, and their curriculum aspect. The Reconstructionist Curriculum Reconstruction curriculum was employed after the identification of the problem that the students faced as far as interpretation and evaluation of social problems is concerned. There was the need for commitment of the issues that were being discussed and encouraged in the taking of action as concerning constructive changes. The curriculum was based on economic and social factors as well as the social services. Reconstruction meant that the curriculum had involved the students in the critical analysis of the international, local, and the international community. The issues that were involved included; environment degradation, crime, poverty, political oppression, war, hunger, and unemployment among others. This policy was prompted after the realization of the numerous injustices that are in the society and the prejudices in terms of gender, socioeconomic status, and race. The schools has the responsibility of training the students against the practice of these injustices and even go a step further in the providing the resolution of the existing problem. The students should be equipped with the necessary information that would assist them in the courageous examination of the controversial issues. The students were expected to be equipped with the necessary skill of coming to consensus on various issues, thereby encouraging the implementation of group work. This curriculum was expected to be changing constantly to accommodate the developing issues in society. The students should be equipped with the necessary awareness concerning the global issues and the relationship between countries. The curriculum should emphasize on issues that enhance the global cooperation and mutual understanding. In order to deliver effectively on the existing intention of the curriculum, teachers are the prime agents of any social change, internationalism, and the renewal of various cultures. Therefore, reconstuctionist curriculum played an extremely vital role in emphasizing on social sciences than it did on science. These social sciences included; ethics, history, philosophy, sociology, religion, political science, poetry, and economics (Tanner, 1980). The Progressive Curriculum The progressive curriculum gives much emphasis on the social and the study of natural science. The teachers have the responsibility of introducing their students to the social developments, technological, and new scientific studies. The teacher should be able to broaden the learners personal experience; this can be enhanced by employing the use of the present community life in their teaching. The curriculum is centered on ones abilities, interests, and experience since; it is believed that one is better placed to understand the content of whatever they are being taught if the content is relevant to an individuals life. The teachers are expected to plan their lessons more so, if the lessons that they are about to teach would heighten the students curiosity and even prompt the students to think outside the box and knowldge construction. For instance, apart for the normal reading of books by the students, the students should be engaged in fieldworks, which sharpen their interaction with the society and nature (Heslep, 1997). The teachers should come up with ideas that would help in the enhancement of students interaction with each other. This helps in the development of social virtues that could include tolerance and cooperation with it comes to the difference in peoples point of view. The curriculum also advocates on the importance of teachers diversity. The teachers should not only be confined into doing a single discrete discipline at a given time but, also should introduce other lessons that would mix numerous different subjects. The teachers have the responsibility of exposing the student to curriculum that is seen to being more democratic and acknowledges the citizens accomplishments regardless of their cultural background, gender, and race. Progressive curriculum aims at making schooling both useful and enjoyable to the students, as well as the teachers. The school, home, and workplace should blend in the generation of persistent, useful learning skills in life. Progressivism intends to end the bo redom and monotony that have existed for many years. The students are expected to deal with the problems that exist in real life. Essentialism Curriculum Essentialism emphasizes on instilling the students with the essentials of the required knowledge in academics as well as developing ones character. William Bagley used this educational philosophy in the 1930s, later in the 1950s it was again used Admiral Rickover and Arthur Bestor. It gained numerous criticism after its introduction in the USA with the argument being on it rigidity. The fundamentals essentialism curriculum calls for the teaching of mathematics, literature, history, foreign languages, and natural science. This curriculum goes against the teaching of life adjustment, vocational and various that could be seen to watering down the academics content. The students who are in the elementary level are expected to be equipped with skills on writing, measurements, and reading. The students are not expected to dwell much in the subjects that deal the development of ones creativity such as music and art. The curriculum expects the student to have a deep understanding concerning a body of data and fundamental techniques, which gradually truncates from less to skills that are more sophisticated and detailed understanding. The student can only proceed to the next class after proving to competent with the required material (Hunkins, 1998). This curriculum is rigorous academically, for either the slow or the fast learners. The students are provided with a set of common subjects, which does not consider the students interest or skills. The system also advocates for long school day, as well as the academic year. There is also in the cooperation of challenging textbooks. It goes further in calling for classrooms orientation by teachers, who have a role of being the students intellectual and moral role models. The system advocates of the teacher-centered operation. The teacher has the full mandate of deciding the most significant area to teach regardless of the students interest since it diverts attention and time from learning the subjects that are academic. The teachers put more emphasis the results of the tests scores, they then use this in their evaluation of the students progress. The students are taught with the aim of making them culturally literate, which helps to possess a working skill about the events, ideas, people, and institutions that are crucial to society. It is the expectation of the essentialists that once the students are through with their education, with will has possessed the necessary skills and disciplined with practical minds with will help them in the application of knowledge in the setting of the real world. There is immense emphasis regarding discipline for the smoothing learning of the school situation. The students are equipped with necessary discipline in re gards to the authority governing the society and the school. Finally, the teachers should possess a high level of maturity and education, for effective transmission of knowledge to their students. The 19th Century Educators In the 19th century, there was the development of nationalism in Europe. This development brought along the belief that the power of education could be employed in the shaping of individuals and nations. They eventually came up with the development of the national school systems. It also helped in the changing of the attitude that people had towards women, and by the end of the 19th century, some countries had introduced secondary schools for women. These countries include Germany and France. The issue of coeducation was only among the extremely liberal educators. In the 19th century, small children who after the age of 10 or 11, most of them stopped schooling only attended the European elementary schools; the only ones who continued with the school were the few bright ones. The common subjects that were studied were reading, religion, arithmetic, and writing. This education was of low quality since the teachers did not have the required experience; most of the people who taught did so since they could not access any otheer job. The concern of various educators in the 19th century for individual development and welfare soon encompassed the children were had been considered uneducated initially. The Italian physician Maria Montessori introduced a school for the mentally retarded children in the year 1870 to 1952. The materials and the technique she employed were so effective that most of the children were able to learn on how to read and write just as the other children. In the early 1900s, Montessori was assigned to run childrens houses; it entailed children of ages between 3 to 7 years old. Here, she gave much emphasis to individual development and freedom. As regards to freedom, the children would be independent of other people as much as possible. The children were taught on practical tasks; for instance, cleaning their classrooms and dressing themselves. They were also provided with materials that would help them to see and correct their mistakes, making them independent of their teachers (Mackenzie, 200 7). Curriculum is affected by numerous factors. All these factors are aimed at meeting the requirements of the 21st century learners, which is both for the corporation learning centers and organized academic learning. The required curriculum calls for the selection of learning goals, and coming up with knowledge delivery models and at the same time developing assessment methods for a group and individuals progress. The effect of politics on a certain curriculum comes in where the government funds the public and private, educational institutions. The funding also helps in hiring of qualified personnel, establishment, and maintenance of equipments and facilities. The environmental effects include the world's awareness concerning revision and abolishing pollution persist affecting curriculum growth. The existing approaches to curriculum development are divided in two aspects. The first aspect of curriculum development involves the individuals initiative. This is whereby one an individual is self-driven into driving a faculty into greater heights without any external support. The second approach is a collective means of developing the curriculum. Here, it becomes every person initiative to pursue the faculty into greater heights. The process of changing a curriculum is not an abrupt process but rather it is a gradual effort where the involvement of numerous faculties, planning time, and professional development comes in handy. One of the most effective approach of by a certain faculty developing dialogue and access positive feedback from other faculty members, at this point, they might come up with probable goals and go to the extent of suggesting their final solution. Once a certain faculty is cognizant with the set targets and solutions, they can invite a professional who could be in charge of increasing the faculty understands about schooling and sustainability. Another method could be through accessing the available disciplines and grade levels and requesting the educators on the identification of a method that could be employed in the addressing of concepts, attitudes that could have a relation with sustainability, and skills required ( Glatthorn, 2009). Once there is an agreement about changing of the curriculum, time is extremely essential. The faculty requires the administrational support where it should agree on improving the existing curriculum. They also need to set aside enough time for planning. A mandatory commitment of 3 to 5 years timeline in charge of various transformations and allocation for time for planning and professional growth, which enables the faculty to use collaborative and thoughtful methods to avoid unexpected additional burdens (Wiles, 2009). In conclusion, numerous department and colleges dealing with educators has the responsibility of providing the necessary leadership and help schools in improvement initiatives by the establishment of criteria for the emerging specialists in curriculum. They assist in the development of frameworks that would identify the main components responsible for characterization of disciplines, which assists the scholars and practitioners in accessing the basic knowledge in a certain discipline. The common philosophical perspectives in education include Progressivism, Perennialism, Reconstructionism, and Essentialism. Reconstruction curriculum was introduced after the identification of the problem that the students faced as far as interpretation and evaluation of social problems is concerned. This curriculum dealt on the economic and social factors as well as the social services. The progressive curriculum gives much emphasis on the social and the study of natural science. Here, the teachers ha ve the responsibility of introducing their students to the social developments, technological, and new scientific studies as well as broadening the learners personal experience. Finally, essentialism curriculum, calls for the teaching of mathematics, literature, history, foreign languages, and nature? Its curriculum goes against the teaching of life adjustment, vocational and various that could be seen to watering down the academics content. The teacher has the mandate of deciding the significant area to teach regardless of the students interest since; it diverts attention and time from teaching the subjects are required. The teachers put more emphasis the results of the tests scores; they then use this in their evaluation of the students progress. Buy custom Curriculum Domain essay

Last Names or Surnames in Spanish

Last Names or Surnames in Spanish Last names, or surnames, in Spanish arent treated the same way as they are in English. The differing practices can be confusing for someone unfamiliar with Spanish, but the Spanish way of doing things has been around for hundreds of years. Traditionally, if John Smith and Nancy Jones (who live in an English-speaking country) get married and have a child, the child would end  up with a name such as Paul Smith or Barbara Smith. But its not the same in most areas where Spanish is spoken as the native language. If Juan Là ³pez Marcos marries Marà ­a Covas Callas, their child would end up with a name such as Mario Là ³pez Covas or Katarina Là ³pez Covas. How Do Spanish Last Names Work? Confused? Theres a logic to it all, but the confusion comes mostly because the Spanish surname method is different than what youre used to. Although there are numerous variations of how names are handled, just as there can be in English, the basic rule of Spanish names is fairly simple: In general, a person born into a Spanish-speaking family is given a first name followed by two surnames, the first being the fathers family name (or, more precisely, the surname he gained from his father) followed by the mothers family name (or, again more precisely, the surname she gained from her father). In a sense, then, native Spanish speakers are born with two last names. Take as an example the name of Teresa Garcà ­a Ramà ­rez. Teresa is the name given at birth, Garcà ­a is the family name from her father, and Ramà ­rez is the family name from her mother. If Teresa Garcà ­a Ramà ­rez marries Elà ­ Arroyo Là ³pez, she doesnt change her name. But in popular usage, it would be extremely common for her to add de Arroyo (literally, of Arroyo), making her Teresa Garcà ­a Ramà ­rez de Arroyo. Sometimes, the two surnames can be separated by y (meaning and), although this is less common than it used to be. The name the husband uses would be Elà ­ Arroyo y Là ³pez. You may see names that are even longer. Although it isnt done much, at least formally, it is possible also to include grandparents names in the mix. If the full name is shortened, usually the second surname name is dropped. For example, Mexican President Enrique Peà ±a Nieto is often referred to by his countrys news media simply as Peà ±a when he is mentioned a second time. Things can get a bit complicated for Spanish-speaking people living in places such as the United States, where it is not the norm to use two family names. One choice many make is for all family members to use the fathers paternal family name. Also quite common is to hyphenate the two names, e.g., Elà ­ Arroyo-Là ³pez and Teresa Garcà ­a-Ramà ­rez. Couples who have been in the United States a long time, particularly if they speak English, are more likely to give their children the fathers name, following the dominant U.S. pattern. But practices vary. The practice of a person being given two family names became the custom in Spain largely because of Arabic influence. The custom spread to the Americas during the years of Spanish Conquest. Spanish and Mexican Last Names With Celebrities You can see how Spanish  names are constructed by looking at the names of several famous people born in Spanish-speaking countries. Fathers names are listed first: The full name of singer Shakira is Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll. She is the daughter of William Mebarak Chadid and Nidia del Carmen Ripoll Torrado.The full name of actress Salma Hayek is Salma Hayek Jimà ©nez. She is the daughter of Sami Hayek Domà ­nguez and Diana Jimà ©nez Medina.The full name of actress Penà ©lope Cruz is Penà ©lope Cruz Snchez. She is the daughter of Eduardo Cruz and Encarnacià ³n Snchez.The full name of Cuban President Raà ºl Castro is Raà ºl Modesto Castro Ruz. He is the son of ngel Castro Argiz and Lina Ruz Gonzlez.The full name of pop singer Enrique Iglesias is Enrique Iglesias Preysler. He is the son of Julio Josà © Iglesias de la Cueva and Marà ­a Isabel Preysler Arrastia.The full name of Mexican-Puerto Rican  singer Luis Miguel is Luis Miguel Gallego Basteri. He is the son of Luis Gallego Sanchez and Marcela Basteri.The full name of Venezuelan President Nicols Maduro is Nicols Maduro Moro. He is the son of Nicols Maduro Garcà ­a and Teresa de Jesà ºs Moro.The full name of singer and actor Rubà ©n Blades is Rubà ©n Blades Bellido de Luna. He is the son of Rubà ©n Darà ­o Blades and Anoland Dà ­az Bellido de Luna.

Case study on United Parcel Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Case study on United Parcel Service - Essay Example After achieving success with this venture, Jim Casey merged with Evert McCabe’s Motorcycle Messengers. Then as a step towards creating a unique brand, in 1919, the company expanded beyond Seattle and changed their name to United Parcel Service, and then onwards it has been an upward progress. â€Å"From its humble beginnings, UPS has grown into a global giant† (Deresky, 2006, 342) According to the Insiders as well as the industrial circles, UPS’s corporate culture is always on the fast edge of the hard-working culture to compliment it. Even though the job at UPS involves routine tasks, out of the ordinary things tend to happen and the corporate culture of UPS has inbuilt mechanisms to encourage decision-making and feedbacks to solve those things. UPSs e-commerce initiative has developed into a full-fledged one with specific a website (www.ec.ups.com) for operations. It features a fully functional online store with UPS’s e-business tools to guide potential customers. The other initiatives of UPS in e-commerce sector are Usenet, eVentures etc. Electronic Commerce or e-commerce is the term given to denote the virtual marketplace where buying, selling and transactions involving goods, services etc takes place with the Internet as the base. Most major corporations have got themselves involved in this sector as the potential of e-commerce is growing every day with the ever-expanding Internet and information technology. The advantage is, it provides an easy and secure way for customers to effect transactions. It shrinks the physical distances and gives a wider choice to make about products and services. It also gives the feature of fast transactions, where every business can be done in seconds. UPS like the other majors joined the bandwagon of e-commerce, patronizing it fully. That is, with the spread of the Internet in the decade of 90’s, UPS saw the prospects and created a separate department for it in 1996.

What Is It about 20-Somethings by Robin Marantz Henig Essay

What Is It about 20-Somethings by Robin Marantz Henig - Essay Example Instead of following a course of life in stages, people are beginning to find confusion in the fact that stability cannot be defined during adulthood anymore, in fact, increasing number of people are going back to school regardless of the age. According to different views, the problems of the 20-somethings can mirror the problematic state of the society such as lack of good jobs that can support new and young families. In fact, people in their twenties often change jobs before reaching adulthood (Par 1-6). There are different studies related to the 20-somethings. One of the said studies was undertaken by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett of the Clark University in Worcester, the 20s should be considered as a â€Å"distinct life stage† referred to as emerging adulthood. He compared the need for the new stage in the recognition of the stage of adolescence a century ago. People ages 18 to late 20s have similar actions of continuously seeking for their own niche in the socio-cultural structure in terms of job, personal relationships and livelihood. Exploration of â€Å"a sense of possibility† summarizes the different components of the psychological profile of the 20-somethings prior to age 30 which is considered as the deadline. It would be helpful to understand the said stage by segregating it but the said action can also result in repercussions not only for policymakers but for the young and emerging adult themselves (Par. 7-12). Arnett faces criticism and contradictions with regards t o his point of view but using his 10-year research to make his case, he was able to get the attention of some developmental psychology experts (Par.13-21).  

Autobiographical Film vs Autobiographical Prose Essay Example for Free

Autobiographical Film vs Autobiographical Prose Essay Autobiographical film, like prose, is filled with the memories of the major events in ones life. In prose, authors give detailed descriptions of their past, while in film directors are able to employ visuals and the use of song and voice-over to illustrate someone elses life or his or her own. Autobiographies are supposed to portray ones life truthfully and accurately; however, most contain stretched truths and over-dramatized events or emotions. In the film medium there is more opportunity for fiction than in prose. Jonathan Caouettes Tarnation and Agnes Vardas The Beaches of Agnes are two differing documentaries that explore this idea. Throughout these two documentaries the directors make use of visuals and sound effects to elicit an emotional reaction from the viewers. The use of these effects allows the audience to better understand how the director remembers a certain event and how it affects them. One of the frequently used elements in documentaries is re-enactment. While this can be helpful in portraying an event, if you dont have real footage it allows for over dramatization and interpretation from the actor playing the role. The actor can listen to how the director wants it to be however they could never fully portray the event truthfully because they were not present for the actual event. This allows for major discrepancies in the retelling of ones past. In a review of Tarnation Michael Bronski discusses how the extent of horrific psychic and medical destruction here is overwhelming (if not based on fact, Tarnation would play like a second rate John Waters film). The reality of the film reminds audiences of the fragility of life and how quickly things can change. Bronski goes on to discuss how the facts of Tarnation really give the film power, emphasizing the idea that truth can evoke just as powerful a reaction as a manipulated re-enactment. Using re-enactments in autobiographical film can force the audience to wonder about the level of truth in a scene. Has the scene been manipulated because it was more entertaining than the actual event or did the actor allow his or her own interpretation of the event to seep through and create an entirely new scene? Caouette filmed the majority of his life; therefore, the use of re-enactment was unnecessary. This almost constant day to day filming really helped to capture the essence of Jonathans life and how he viewed everything that was happening. Though Caouette filmed almost every day, the film wasnt presented in raw form. Tarnation was edited down and pieced together. Throughout the film there were moments where editing was more obvious than others. Specifically the scene where Jonathan is on the phone with someone from the hospital. He is checking on his mothers condition after a Lithium overdose. In between the scenes of that phone conversation there is a clip of him vomiting. The audience later learns that this is because he is severely ill as a result of the stress. When this scene is shown, the sounds of him vomiting are hear but visually it looks as though he is simply coughing into the toilet. This leads the viewer to believe that perhaps this was placed there for dramatic effect. Another example would be the way the entire first scene is presented. It is clear the phone conversation has been cut and spliced. One scene is of Jonathan completely crumbling emotionally from the news of his mothers health, it lasts only for a second and then in the following scene hes completely collected and calm. It is evident that it is being presented to evoke a specific reaction from the audience rather then presenting it truthfully as it actually happened. Fiction can also find its way into autobiographic film in that people behave differently when in front of a camera. They might see it necessary to put on a show rather than be themselves because of their discomfort with being documented. In many scenes when Jonathan is filming Renee she becomes very excited and begins to behave in a way that makes her look as if she is acting for the camera instead of just being herself. Another example of altered behavior because of the presence of the camera would be when Jonathan confronts his grandfather Adolph about his decision for Renee to undergo shock therapy. Adolph becomes very defensive and begins to close himself off because of the camera. He says to Jonathan Take that away, take that away, I dont want to be photographed by him. People begin to worry more about the way they come across once they realize that they are being closely watched and documented. In Agnes Vardas The Beaches of Agnes, Varda uses quite a few re-enactments to illustrate scenes from her childhood. Haden Guest discusses Beaches in Emotion Picture. She focuses mostly on her style as she recreated the memorable moments of her past. Guest writes, The re-creation of childhood memories in evocatively restaged family photographs to the more abstract recreation of Varda and her crew assembling a fragile, open-air gallery of mirrors on a gusty beach. Audiences either find these recreations of past events helpful in gaining a better understanding of Vardas life or somewhat dishonest and overly staged. Again, re-enactments sort of lose the truth and allow the director to manipulate the audience into feeling one way about whatever it is they are presenting. Varda also chose to include footage of her and the crew working on the film, however its left up to the audience to decide whether this is a moment of authenticity or yet another staged manipulation for entertainment sake. Throughout Agnes Vardas film she has many imaginative scenes. There are scenes of her staring blankly into the camera and walking backwards through places she once lived. Though this is in the film to illustrate that she is going backwards in time to tell her story it takes way from the portrayal of her story. Its included in the film for an artistic purpose rather than for one of truth and accuracy. In one scene her friend Chris Marker appears in the image of a cat and his voice is distorted to sound like a robot of sorts in a staged conversation with Varda. This scene, among many others, seems very whimsical and far from what actually took place in her past. Aside from fictitious imaginative scenes, The Beaches of Agnes strays from the autobiographical film genre, in that when Varda explores her past she ends up becoming more interested in something that she discovers on this journey that has nothing to do with her story. When she returns to her childhood home she becomes fascinated with the elderly doctor who now owns it rather than focusing on the life she lived there. In his review on Beaches, Haden Guest writes †¦the film frequently wanders away from its purported subject in order to learn more about the various people encountered along the way. Its as if she is making two movies, one about her past and the other about the people she met on the journey to making the film, but attempting to put them all into one. It seems the goal of The Beaches of Agnes is not to serve as a confessional narrative but an exploration into her past with a focus on the people she encountered rather than on herself. In film it is very easy for fiction to slip in and take control for entertainment value, whereas in prose there is a lesser opportunity. Both Jonathan Caouette and Agnes Vardas styles of filming allow for fiction, whether it be through editing, reenactment or other elements of film. Each of these directors classify their films in the autobiographical genre which means their films should present their lives truthfully and accurately. However, in both films it is clear that each director has manipulated footage or used reenactments to present their lives in a different way. Neither film is one hundred percent truthful. These films should not contain over dramatizations or stretched truths. When tackling the genre of autobiographical film it is important to portray oneself and ones story in an honest light.

College Admissions Essays - A Photograph -- College Admissions Essays

College Admissions Essays - A Photograph Attach a small photograph (3.5 x 5 inches or smaller) of something important to you and explain its significance. At an age when my friends’ floors were strewn with toys, dirty clothes, or video-game cartridges, mine was smothered in paper of all sorts — books, magazines, reams of white and college-ruled, paper bags, paper airplanes. This pattern has survived, and it is representative of the way I live. The house of my life is built on a foundation of paper. Certainly this element is crucial in all our lives. From money to facial tissues to news to playing cards, paper is a vital organ of the body politic. And I, as a student, laden with schoolwork (and college application forms), should naturally expect to be particularly prone. But, for me, paper goes even beyond this role: Virtually all of my favorite activities are paper-based. I compose music, poetry, and prose. I do mathematics, with massive scratchwork as a by-product. I solve cryptic crosswords. Last year, I was involved in CX debate, which may be cynically but not inaccurately said to consist essentially of reading prepared pieces of paper in a strategically determined order. To me, paper is the natural medium for connecting the mind — whether in its imaginative, mechanical, or emotive capacity — with the physical world. Small wonder, than, that I find I express myself more effectively in writing than in speech, or that, on my habitual multiple-hour w alks, I often carry blank paper and pens to jot down any arbitrary thoughts that might seem worthy of retention. Even beyond this, my intimate relationship with paper extends to some unorthodox functions. I have developed a rudimentary sile... ...ell-checkers. And my dependence on paper embodies not only resourcefulness but thrift. I rarely buy new clothes; I use public transit (or walk), which appears especially frugal in light of today’s gasoline prices. Paper, being plentiful and inexpensive, fits into this scheme. Recently, I took this trait to a new height: whereas I previously sent paper to the recycle bin after depleting one side, I now make a conscious effort to use both sides of every sheet, thus saving on future purchases. Paper is the staple of my existence (no pun intended). From when I was six and spent my days filling pads with fantastical designs for houses, zoos, and factories, to the present, when I surround myself with sheets bearing drafts of essays on one side and systems of equations on the other, my life has been ruled by this ruled substance — simple, utile, and ubiquitous.

Why Childcare is Good for Children

Charndrea Johnson Composition Instructor:   Linda  O'Connor Week 12: Individual work Introduction This Essay I choose is basically to tell you why you should choose childcare for your child and why it’s good for children. Also why I approve of my child being in one. Choosing an appropriate childcare for your young children seems very overwhelming. But as a parent it’s your responsibility to ensure that your children are safe and happy in a childcare that is fun, educational, and nurturing all at the same time, so that you know your child is comfortable in their environment.Whether it’s an in-home, center based daycare or preschool. And you should also know your children’s temperament, which are their likes, dislikes, health, interests, and behavior. Yes they might give you a hard time the first few times you drop them off but once they get use to their care taker they are going to be comfortable around them. I choose my topic to be about child care, be cause I feel that it could be good for any child but I do and don’t like some parts of child care.For instance I would prefer for my child to be in a facility where they are active with other children, learn educational material that can prepare them in the long run. Not sitting in someone’s home watching TV, playing, and taking naps. That more like you’re paying a teenager to babysit your child while you’re at work not somewhere professional. But I approve of an exalt professional child care where you know your child is safe and happy. Not somewhere where you are having second thoughts about putting your child.The child care where my child go I love it, because I know that while she is there she’s safe and happy playing with children her age and learn real educational material not just sitting on a couch watching cartoons. In many important ways, our preschool years determine our future competitive role in the global economy, the public safety of our communities, the cost-effective investment of public and private dollars, and the success of welfare reform. When child care becomes necessary for families; quality child care becomes critical for children.If done well, child care benefits us all. The economic structure of society has significantly influenced how families care for their children. Because women are usually the primary caregivers, the nature of their work roles has an important effect on childcare. In some societies, mothers as well as fathers can provide childcare, food, clothing, and shelter for their families through work located in or near the family home. In other situations, men are employed away from home and the daily care of children becomes the primary responsibility of women (Carnoy 2000).Some women work only before marriage, before children are born, or after children are mature enough to care for themselves. However, for a variety of personal and economic reasons, including single parenthood, many mot hers with young children today work outside the home and can no longer fill the traditional responsibilities of home and childcare. Because children's early experiences and relationships with caregivers have a significant influence on their future development and achievements, the quality of their care is an important concern for all.And this is why I choose the topic about childcare, because I feel every child should have a chance at on early education in childcare. And not just sitting at home looking at their parents or watching cartoons all day. And the good thing about it is that you can get a break from your children and they can also get a break from you. And yes they have help for you if you can’t afford to pay the full amount of childcare in certain states. I don’t know about every state but I know you can get help with childcare if you’re in school, working or both.But childcare is good for both the child and the parent, so this is why I feel you shoul d choose childcare. Reference Textbook Roen, D. , Glau, G. , Maid, B. (2010). The McGraw-Hill guide: Writing for college, writing for life (2nd Ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill. Why choose childcare http://family. jrank. org/pages/220/Childcare-Why-Childcare-Important. html choosing childcare http://kidshealth. org/parent/positive/family/child_care. html DCF http://www. dcf. state. fl. us/programs/childcare/ ELC www. elcalachua. org/

Explore The Ways In Which Susan Hill Presents The Woman In Black

Explore the ways in which Susan Hill presents the woman in black. Before we meet the woman, Susan Hill uses the description of the setting in ‘A London Particular’ to foresee what she is like, predicting something wicked. London was described as â€Å"Inferno† full of â€Å"red-eyed and demonic† â€Å"ghostly figures†. These all suggest that Hill was describing or comparing London to Hell, which could imply that Mr Arthur Kipps was about to enter into his own personal hell, containing a â€Å"ghostly figure† of haunting and torment.Hill uses London’s â€Å"filthy, evil smelling fog† that â€Å"choked and blinded the Londoners as a way to pre-empt the sea mist that appears later in the novel, in ‘The Sound of a Pony and Trap’. They both engulfed their surroundings like a â€Å"veil† of mystery and suffering. The fog could have also suggested that Kipps was unaware of the Hell in his near future, he could not s ee what lay in front of him. There is a possibility the fog was a metaphor for the impending suffering and misfortune that lay ahead for Arthur Kipps.‘The Funeral of Mrs Drablow’ is a crucial chapter in the novel as this is the first time the woman is seen and mentioned. Kipps describes her as a woman â€Å"dressed in the deepest black† and wearing a â€Å"bonnet† which seemed to have â€Å"gone out of fashion†, which suggests straight away that the woman is out of place, not only at the funeral, but also in that time period. Her clothes were â€Å"a little rusty looking† and this gives the impression that her clothes are ageing, which links with her alienation from the rest of the funeral attendants.She is described as having a †terrible wasting disease† with the â€Å"thinnest layer of flesh tautly stretched and strained across her bones.† Her face was â€Å"pathetically wasted’ extremely â€Å"pale and gauntâ₠¬  with almost a â€Å"blue-white sheen†. This all gives a sense of a ghost, the whole portrayal sounding ghoulish. Kipps instantly feels sympathy towards the woman, as he refers to her as â€Å"a not inconsiderable former beauty† and â€Å"poor thing.† This is highly contrasted to how she was anticipated from the London setting.The woman’s haunting effect on her victims is shown through Mr Jerome and his reaction. Arthur Kipps had merely mentioned her physical appearance,  before â€Å"Mr Jerome stopped dead.† She has the power to scare a grown man to the core without being seen. The woman seemed to bring inextricable memories to Jerome that leave him, â€Å"frozen, pale† and paralysed with absolute terror. This is also shown in the way Kipps acts in ‘Christmas Eve.’ The thought of the woman sends him into â€Å"a frenzy of agitation† all those years later. The woman was â€Å"an inextricable part of [his] past.† She leaves her victims with a horror â€Å"that is now woven into [their] very fibres.†The woman next appears in the small burial ground behind Eel Marsh House in ‘Across The Causeway’. Kipps became â€Å"suddenly conscious of the extreme bleakness and eeriness of the† burial ground. This gives the impression that even before he sees the woman, Arthur is aware of the evil atmosphere that she brings with her. Hill uses the presentation of the unsettling setting and atmosphere in the burial ground, to show that her presence is overwhelming and she is a malignant character.Hill then goes on to describe the woman as one with a â€Å"pallor not of flesh so much as bone itself†. This shows that, similar to his feeling at the funeral, Kipps still pities the woman. However, this emotion alters virtually instantly. He notices her expression of â€Å"yearning malevolence.† She looked as though â€Å"she was searching for something she wanted, neede d-must have. â€Å" Here, Hill presents the malevolent side to the woman, unlike at the funeral, where Kipps sees the woman as a pathetic figure.She uses an immediate contrast between the way Kipps felt previously and the feelings he felt towards the woman in the burial ground, the pity to sheer horror in a matter of sentences. This is effective because it changes the feel of the novel and it also links to the hellish setting of London in ‘A London Particular.’ This same facial expression caused not only Arthur’s mind but also his body, to become â€Å"possessed† and out of control. He had â€Å"become paralysed† by her aura. Hill uses the deep description about how Kipps is feeling as a strong way to create an ominous atmosphere.In ‘In The Nursery’, Kipps was lulled into a false sense of security before he entered the child’s play room. He heard â€Å"the noise within the room† â€Å"that meant comfort and safety† : ‘the sound of the wooden runners of† a rocking  chair. Hill uses the softness and sweetness of Arthur’s memory to contradict the fear and shock he feels when he sees the nursery in shambles. The great difference between these two moods makes the obliteration of the nursery and the woman’s revenge more powerful and impactful.Susan Hill also presents the woman by using the weather to foreshadow how she acts in the following chapter. The wildness, violence, strength and intensity of the woman is shown through the â€Å"thick cloud lying low over the marshes†, â€Å"stronger wind† and â€Å"raw coldness†.The woman’s â€Å"yearning malevolence† was finally fulfilled in ‘A Packet of Letters’ when she turned the child’s nursery from being â€Å"in such good order† to â€Å"a state of disarray†. The demolition of the room was described as being â€Å"caused by a gang of robbers† which s hows that the woman, who was originally portrayed as a frail, â€Å"extremely pale† young woman, â€Å"suffering from some terrible wasting disease†, had so much anger, such violence and hatred building inside her that she was able to conduct the same amount of destruction as a gang of brutal men, the clothes dragged out of the cupboard â€Å"like entrails from a wounded body.The powerful imagery shows the woman as a vicious murder, â€Å"bent on mad, senseless destruction.† She was unable to bear the fact that Nathaniel would never use the nursery again, and she was so bitter that after sixty years had passed, she was still causing havoc.To conclude, Susan Hill presents the woman in black as the malicious ghost of a young spiteful woman full of hatred and hungry for revenge. She does this using contrast in atmosphere, weather and setting, as well as her appearance and actions throughout the novel. The actions of revenge she takes are ones of pain and suffering for others, she wishes for them to feel the same as she does. Her actions are understandable, but under no circumstances are they forgivable.

Desdemona Evaluation Essays

Desdemona Evaluation Essays Desdemona Evaluation Essay Desdemona Evaluation Essay let her have you knees: Hail to thee, Lady! And the grace of heaven he also refers to her on a separate occasion as The divine Desman. In Act 3 scene 4 we find Desman asking the clown to find Cassia. She is under the impression that Othello wants to forgive him. She is worried concerning the loss of her handkerchief, but Emilie is unable to shed light on the handkerchiefs disappearance. This is because Amelias loyalties lie with her husband. Desman is confident that her husband will to be Jealous concerning the loss of her handkerchief, but Othello enters and he is still acting strangely towards Desman, and he asks for Adhesions handkerchief. She says l have it not about me. Desman tries to deceive him. This however, it is not bad. Because Desman knew that if she told Othello the truth he would become very angry. Adhesions intentions for lying were good, because Desman loved Othello she decided to protect him from getting angry. Desman thought she had Just misplaced the handkerchief, and that she would soon find it. However this triggers Othello to madness, as he thinks she gave Cassia he handkerchief. By act 4 scene 1 Ago has now gained full control over Othello. He has brought down the noble moor. The fake conversation between Ago and Cassia that Othello overhears is even more successful than Ago had hoped, due to the interruption of Bianca. She possesses the valuable handkerchief that is a token of Desman and Othello love. She is conceived as nothing but a where and it makes Adhesions relationship with Cassia even more overwhelming. As far as he is concerned this is the hard evidence that he wanted in order to prove his wifes dishonesty. Ago now speaks suggestively about Desman and even suggests to Othello how he might kill her. Ladylove arrives with Desman. After a conversation concerning Cassia it becomes clear that there is friction between Othello and Cassia. Ladylove asks is there division between thy Lord and Cassia Desman replies, A most unhappy one; I would do much to atone them, for the love I bear to Cassia. It was foolish of her at this fragile time for Othello to utter her love for Cassia, as Othello at this stage is unable to see things clearly. In return he strikes her knocking her to the floor. This is intended to hurt her as she hurt him and demoralize her as she has done to him. She begins to leave but is called back by Othello, she replies My Lord, I believe that this could be taken two ways either she is upset and weeping, or she is placing sarcasm in amongst My Lord in a mocking manner, which would show that she is strongly willed and unafraid of Othello. Desman uses several religious statements, some AT teen are Heaven ton truly Know It Ana 0 heaven, forgiveness. I believe that the reason she is replying with these religious references is to try and remind Othello of the innocence which she possesses, that he once loved and was forced to hate. Conventionally in a soliloquy the character will only tell the truth, this is because the character is talking to him or herself. Desman only has one soliloquy and in it she says, Its meet I should be used so, very well; how have I been behaved, that he might stick the smallest opinion, on my greatest abuse? She is saying that she deserves this for what she has done wrong, be it the handkerchief, flirting, the pestering of Othello to return Cassias Job, but most of all not being a good wife. I think this is a significant decline in her will to fight. A completely different emotion engulfs Desman in 4. 3. She knows that her Cubans has decided upon a course of action which Desman can neither avoid nor stop. Her premonition of death invades the scene. She then recalls a song sung by her mothers maid Barbara. Barbara sang this song because the man to whom she was in love proved mad, and did forsake her. She was so in love, and so overwhelmed with sadness, that when she sang the song, she died singing it. For some reason that song came back to haunt Adhesions memory and she also began to sing it. The Willow Song is a song of disappointed love, which give the image of a dà ©colletà © lover weeping as she sings willow, willow, willow. Within this song is a line which mistakes for another line , the line which she falsely added was, Let nobody blame him, his scorn I approve. This line came from her imagination, meaning she doesnt blame him for his actions. This song is the preparation for her death scene. Another vital piece of this scene is the conversation after the Willow song between Desman and Emilie. They discuss their views on relationships and infidelity, Here the two characters are oppose, as Desman appears to be horrified not, by this heavenly light by Amelias statement that she would commit adultery if it aimed her husband the world. Amelias view is, why, would not you this is a comment which startles Desman Othello enters Adhesions room while she is asleep, and though she is beautiful, and appears innocent, he still is determined to kill her. Desman awakens, and he tells her to admit to any sins before she dies. She believes there is nothing she can do to stop him from killing her, and continues to plead her innocence. Othello tells her that he found her handkerchief with Cassia, though Desman insists it must not be true. She pleads, Kill me tomorrow- let me live tonight! , but he begins to smother her. Emilie knocks, curious about what is going on, Othello lets her in, but tries to conceal Desman, who he thinks is already dead. Emilie brings the news of Rodeos death, and Cassias wounding. Emilie soon finds out that Desman is nearly dead, Desman speaks her last words, A guiltless death I die. Emilie asks, O who has done this deed? With her last breath Desman utters, Nobody, I myself, farewell: even on her dying breath, whilst dyeing for a false accusation, her love was still too strong that she wouldnt confess the murderer, Othello. This could be because of female solidarity; she is protecting Emilie, as if she said in front of Othello he might have killed her. Another explanation could have been that she wanted a Christian death, and is sacrificing herself to masculine pride. Or possibly she is so romantic that she wanted a Romantic death. Adhesions role is to serve enhance Othello Jealousy and eventual downfall, which Is engineered Day Ago. Desman seems clueless Tanat seen Is Delve annulated Day Ago and cannot imagine that Othello would mistrust her because she has done nothing to deserve his mistrust. Unfortunately, Desman lived during a time when women had their place and could not exercise much independence. The societal rules of that time period for women involved being submissive to their husbands. Desman did, however, attempt to prove to her husband that she did not cheat on him by pleading with him and begging him to believe her. Emilie also tried for her, but it did no good. Desman also becomes aware that she will die and she does not try to fight Othello when he kills her. She could have fought him with all of her might or she could have run away from Othello before bedtime; however, she chose to do as he wished and die knowing that she was innocent of any wrongdoing.

Assassination of Robert Kennedy

Assassination of Robert Kennedy Shortly after midnight on June 5, 1968, presidential candidate, Robert F. Kennedy was shot three times after giving a speech at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California. Robert Kennedy died of his wounds 26 hours later. Robert Kennedys assassination later led to Secret Service protection for all future major presidential candidates. The Assassination On June 4, 1968, popular Democratic Party presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy waited all day for the election results to come in from the Democratic primary in California. At 11:30 p.m., Kennedy, his wife Ethel, and the rest of his entourage left the Royal Suite of the Ambassador Hotel and headed downstairs to the ballroom, where approximately 1,800 supporters waited for him to give his victory speech. After giving his speech and ending with, Now on to Chicago, and lets win there! Kennedy turned and exited the ballroom through a side door that led to a kitchen pantry. Kennedy was using this pantry as a shortcut to reach the Colonial Room, where the press was waiting for him. As Kennedy traveled down this pantry corridor, which was filled with people trying to catch a glimpse of the potential future president, 24-year-old, Palestinian-born Sirhan Sirhan stepped up to Robert Kennedy and opened fire with his .22 pistol. While Sirhan was still firing, bodyguards and others tried to contain the gunman; however, Sirhan managed to fire all eight bullets before being subdued. Six people were hit. Robert Kennedy fell to the floor bleeding. Speechwriter Paul Shrade had been hit in the forehead. Seventeen-year-old Irwin Stroll was hit in the left leg. ABC director William Weisel was hit in the stomach. Reporter Ira Goldsteins hip was shattered. Artist Elizabeth Evans was also grazed on her forehead. However, most of the focus was on Kennedy. As he lay bleeding, Ethel rushed to his side and cradled his head. Busboy Juan Romero brought over some rosary beads and placed them in Kennedys hand. Kennedy, who had been seriously hurt and looked in pain, whispered, Is everybody all right? Dr. Stanley Abo quickly examined Kennedy at the scene and discovered a hole just below his right ear. Robert Kennedy Rushed to the Hospital An ambulance first took Robert Kennedy to the Central Receiving Hospital, which was located just 18 blocks away from the hotel. However, since Kennedy needed brain surgery, he was quickly transferred to Good Samaritan Hospital, arriving around 1 a.m. It was here that doctors discovered two additional bullet wounds, one under his right armpit and another just one-and-a-half inches lower. Kennedy underwent three-hour brain surgery, in which doctors removed bone and metal fragments. Over the next few hours, however, Kennedys condition continued to worsen. At 1:44 a.m. on June 6, 1968, Robert Kennedy died from his wounds at age 42. The nation was severely shocked at the news of yet another assassination of a major public figure. Robert Kennedy was the third major assassination of the decade, following the murders of Roberts brother, John F. Kennedy, five years earlier and of the great civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. just two months earlier. Robert Kennedy was buried near his brother, President John F. Kennedy, in Arlington Cemetery. What Happened to Sirhan Sirhan? Once police arrived at the Ambassador Hotel, Sirhan was escorted to police headquarters and questioned. At the time, his identity was unknown since he was carrying no identifying papers and refused to give his name. It wasnt until Sirhans brothers saw a picture of him on TV that the connection was made. It turned out that Sirhan Bishara Sirhan was born in Jerusalem in 1944 and emigrated to the U.S. with his parents and siblings when he was 12 years old. Sirhan eventually dropped out of community college and worked a number of odd jobs, including as a groom at the Santa Anita Racetrack. Once the police had identified their captive, they searched his house and found handwritten notebooks. Much of what they found written inside was incoherent, but amidst the rambling, they found RFK must die and My determination to eliminate RFK is becoming more [and] more of an unshakable obsession...[He] must be sacrificed for the cause of the poor exploited people. Sirhan was given a trial, in which he was tried for murder (of Kennedy) and assault with a deadly weapon (for the others that were shot). Although he pleaded not guilty, Sirhan Sirhan was found guilty on all counts and sentenced to death on April 23, 1969. Sirhan was never executed, however, because in 1972 California abolished the death penalty and commuted all death sentences to life in prison. Sirhan Sirhan remains imprisoned in Valley State Prison in Coalinga, California. Conspiracy Theories Just as in the assassinations of John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr., many people believe there was also a conspiracy involved in the murder of Robert Kennedy. For Robert Kennedys assassination, there seem to be three main conspiracy theories that are based on inconsistencies found in the evidence against Sirhan Sirhan. Second Shooter- The first conspiracy involves the location of the fatal shot. Los Angeles Coroner Thomas Noguchi conducted the autopsy on Robert Kennedys body and discovered that not only had Kennedy died from the shot that entered just below and behind his right ear but that there were scorch marks around the entry wound.This meant that the shot must have come from behind Kennedy and that the muzzle of the gun must have been within an inch or so of Kennedys head when it was fired. By nearly all accounts, Sirhan had been in front of Kennedy and had never gotten closer than several feet. Could there have been a second shooter?The woman in a Polka-Dot Skirt- The second piece of evidence that easily lends itself to conspiracy theories is the multiple witnesses who saw a young woman wearing a polka-dot skirt running from the hotel with another man, exuberantly exclaiming, We shot Kennedy!Other witnesses say they saw a man who looked like Sirhan talking to a woman in a polka-dot skirt ear lier in the day. The police reports bypassed this evidence, believing that in the chaos that followed the shooting, it was more likely the couple was crying out, They shot Kennedy! Hypno-Programming- The third takes a bit more of a stretch of the imagination but is one advocated by Sirhans lawyers during pleas for parole. This theory claims that Sirhan was hypno-programmed (i.e. hypnotized and then told what to do by others). If so, this would explain why Sirhan asserts that he cant remember any of the events from that night.